![]() If there is a paper calibration strip inside of the thermometer that includes the words “mercury free,” then the liquid in the thermometer is not mercury. Care must be taken to avoid scattering the mercury or allowing it to roll to a hard-to-reach location. ![]() Mercury is a liquid metal with properties different from most substances. Small droplets will combine into a larger sphere shape, which will roll on a flat surface and break back into smaller droplets if dropped or if pressure is applied. Is it silver? Then it may be mercury or possibly a non-mercury substance.Is the liquid in the thermometer any color other than silver? Then it is most likely alcohol.Take a look at this thermometer diagram of the Solar System Temperatures on the NASA website.įind out what the weather is like on other planets in our Solar System on the NASA website. To fully understand how temperature varies between each planet, we need to send more spacecrafts to the planets to monitor the temperature. But this is not always the case! Important factors need to be looked at, such as the seasons of the planet, the tilt, and whether it has an atmosphere. Roughly, the temperature of the planets decreases as you get further from the Sun. We can only estimate the temperatures here as we don’t have up-to-date data from Uranus and Neptune, but we think the average temperature of Uranus is -195☌ and of Neptune is -201☌. These planets are the furthest from the Sun, and we know the least about these planets as only one mission has passed these planets (Voyager mission). Saturn is further from the Sun, and so is colder, at roughly -138☌.įinally, the ice giants, Uranus and Neptune. For Jupiter, we think the temperature is roughly -108☌. Instead, we estimate the temperature at different pressure levels in the gases. For these two planets, we don’t know the temperature at the surface as they don’t have a surface (being made of gas). Next are the gas giants, Jupiter and Saturn. You can even look at the temperature right now on Mars! On average, the temperature on Mars is -63☌, but can reach up to 30☌ and go as low as -140☌! We have sent lots of satellites and rovers to Mars, so we have a better understanding of the temperature on the surface and how weather changes across a Martian year. The surface of Venus is approximately 465☌!įourth from the Sun, after Earth, is Mars. Because of this, Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. It has a strong greenhouse effect, similar to the one we experience on Earth. Next is Venus, which has a really thick atmosphere made up of lots of gases that give it yellow clouds. This means the temperature can decrease to up to -180☌. ![]() During the day, the planet is extremely close to the Sun and can reach up to 430☌! However, Mercury doesn’t have an atmosphere, so when it rotates to nightside, this heat gets lost into space as there is no atmosphere to retain the heat. The first planet from the Sun, Mercury, experiences extreme differences in temperature when it goes from day to night. We have sent spacecrafts to most of the planets to take some measurements, but we don’t fully understand how temperature varies across the whole of these planets. We have to consider lots of factors, including distance from the Sun as well as whether or not the planet has an atmosphere. On other planets we don’t have as many instruments and thermometers to measure the temperature, so we estimate what we think the temperature would be. We also have an atmosphere which retains the heat we receive from the Sun. We get seasons because of the elliptical orbit of Earth around the Sun, and Earth’s tilt. The temperature varies so much due to the difference in seasons we experience on Earth. On average, Earth’s temperature is 14-16☌, but it can go as high as 56.7☌ (highest recorded temperature in Death Valley, USA) and as low as -89.3☌ (lowest recorded temperature in Antarctica). At Earth, we have lots of thermometers and satellites that can measure the temperature.
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